Research progress of Wilms' tumor gene 1 in the pathogenesis of ovarian diseases
Liu Yuxin1, Wang Zihan1, Zhang Yixin1, Luan Yongjie1, Meng Kai2
1College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China; 2Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining 272067, China
Abstract：Ovarian cancer (OvCa), premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are all ovarian diseases affecting females. Due to the variability of ovarian diseases, they are challenging to identify and have poor prognosis and therapeutic effect. Wilms′ tumor gene 1 (WT1) is a unique gene that can both suppress and promote cancer. By activating or inhibiting gene transcription, the WT1 coding protein regulates ovarian cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and other processes. WT1 mutations and abnormal expression impact the onset and progression of OvCa, POI, PCOS, and other diseases. Because WT1 is linked to ovarian diseases, it can be targeted for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment. This article summarizes WT1′s regulatory mechanism in the occurrence and development of ovarian diseases and discusses its potential application in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of ovarian disease.
