原发性高血压患者总体水水平与血压无机盐及性别的关系

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-655X.2019.04.002

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摘要目的探讨原发性高血压患者总体水水平与血压、无机盐及性别之间的关系。方法收集2017年6至7月就诊于新疆医科大学第一附属医院高血压门诊的273例原发性高血压患者为研究对象，根据总体水（TBW）的中位数值将其分为TBW低水平组（n=136）和TBW高水平组（n=137），比较两组患者血压的变化，同时收集患者无机盐水平、体重指数(BMI)等。总体水水平的影响因素采用Logistic回归分析，总体水水平与血压、无机盐等相关性采用Pearson相关性分析。结果总体水高水平组的体重指数（BMI）［（26.88±3.40）kg/m2］、无机盐［（4.24±0.47）g］、标准无机盐［（3.69±0.35）g］、收缩压（SBP）［（123.11±654）mmHg］（1mmHg=0.133kPa）和舒张压（DBP）［（68.32±6.91）mmHg］均高于总体水低水平组的BMI［（24.34±3.07）kg/m2］、无机盐［（3.15±0.30）g］、标准无机盐［（2.83±0.23）g］、SBP［（119.01±8.20）mmHg］和DBP［（64.59±5.78）mmHg］，均差异有统计学意义（t=6.48，23.02，24.05，4.57，4.84；均P＜0.01）。无机盐是总体水升高的独立危险因素（OR=1.083，P＜0.01），而女性是总体水升高的保护因素（OR=0.065，P＜0.01）。男性的BMI［（26.43±3.25）kg/m2］、总体水［（43.50±5.26）g］、无机盐［（4.23±0.52）g］、标准无机盐［（3.76±0.28）g］、SBP［（123.37±6.29）mmHg］、DBP［（68.69±6.91）mmHg］指标均高于女性的BMI［（24.90±3.52）kg/m2］、总体水［（32.14±3.62）g］、无机盐［（3.22±0.37）g］、标准无机盐［（2.83±0.21）g］、SBP［（119.03±8.23）mmHg］、DBP［（64.50±5.71）mmHg］，均差异有统计学意义（t=3.70,20.53,18.08,30.98，4.92,5.49；均P＜0.01）。Pearson相关性分析显示，男性患者SBP与年龄、BMI、总体水、无机盐、腰臀比、标准无机盐，均无相关性（r=0.138，0.147，0.071，0.056,0.169,0.060；均P＞0.05），DBP与年龄存在正相关（r=0.280，P＜0.01）；女性患者SBP、DBP均与年龄、BMI、腰臀比存在正相关（r=0.359，0.242，0.344，0.386，0.263，0.387；均P＜0.01）。结论总体水高水平组血压高于总体水低水平组。无机盐是总体水升高的独立危险因素，而女性是总体水升高的保护因素。男性的BMI、总体水、无机盐、SBP、DBP均高于女性，男性SBP与年龄呈正相关，女性SBP、DBP均与年龄、BMI、腰臀比呈正相关。

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关键词 ：人体水分, 血压, 总体水, 无机盐, 性别

Abstract：ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between total body water (TBW) and blood pressure，inorganic salts and gender in patients with essential hypertension. MethodsFrom June to July 2017，273 patients with essential hypertension in Hypertension Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were enrolled in the study. According to the median of TBW, the patients were divided into low level group of TBW (n=136) and high level group of TBW (n=137). At the same time, the blood pressure, inorganic salt level, body mass index (BMI) were collected in the two groups. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of TBW level, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between TBW and blood pressure and inorganic salts. ResultsThe BMI ［(26.88±3.40）kg/m2］, inorganic salts ［(4.24±0.47）g］, standard inorganic salts ［(3.69±0.35）g］, systolic blood pressure(SBP) ［(123.11±6.54）mmHg］(1mmHg=0.133kPa) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) ［(68.32±6.91）mmHg］ of the high level group of TBW were higher than the BMI ［(2434±3.07）kg/m2］, inorganic salts ［(3.15±0.30）g］, standard inorganic salts ［(2.83±0.23）g)］, SBP ［(119.01±8.20）mmHg］ and DBP ［(64.59±5.78）mmHg］ of the low level group of TBW, with significant differences (t=6.48, 23.02, 24.05, 4.57, 4.84, all P＜0.01). Inorganic salt level was an independent risk factor of the increase of TBW (OR=1.083, P＜0.01)， however, femininity was a protective factor of the increase of TBW (OR=0.065, P＜0.01). The BMI ［(26.43±3.25）kg/m2］, TBW ［(43.50±5.26）g］, inorganic salts ［(4.23±0.52）g］, standard inorganic salts ［(3.76±0.28）g］, SBP［(123.37±6.29)mmHg］ and DBP ［(68.69±6.91)mmHg］ of male patients were all higher than the BMI ［(24.90±3.52)kg/m2］, TBW ［(32.14±3.62)g］, inorganic salts ［(3.22±0.37)g］, standard inorganic salts ［(2.83±0.21)g］, SBP ［(119.03±8.23)mmHg］ and DBP ［(64.50±5.71)mmHg］ of female patients, with significant differences (t=3.70, 20.53, 18.08, 30.98, 4.92, 5.49， all P＜0.01). In male patients, systolic blood pressure had no correlation with ages, BMI, TBW, inorganic salts, waist hip rate, standard inorganic salts (r=0.138, 0.147, 0.071, 0.056, 0.169, 0.060， all P＞0.05), there was a positive correlation between DBP and ages (r=0.280,P＜0. 01). In female patients, SBP and DBP had a positive correlation with ages, BMI, waist hip rate (r=0.359, 0.242, 0.344, 0.386, 0.263, 0.387， all P＜0.01). ConclusionsThe blood pressure of the high level group of TBW is higher than that of the low level group of TBW. Inorganic salt level is an independent risk factor of the increase of TBW. However, femininity is a protective factor of the increase of TBW. The BMI, TBW, inorganic salts, SBP and DBP of male patients are all higher than those of female ones. SBP in males has a positive correlation with ages. SBP and DBP in females have a positive correlation with ages, BMI and waist hip rate.

Key words： Body water Blood pressure Total body water Inorganic salt Gender

收稿日期: 2019-06-20

通讯作者: 徐新娟，Email：zcxu2002@163.com

引用本文:

韩朋娜徐新娟任淑荣. 原发性高血压患者总体水水平与血压无机盐及性别的关系[J]. 中华诊断学电子杂志, 2019, 7(4): 222-226.
Han Pengna，Xu Xinjuan，Ren Shurong. Relationship between total body water and blood pressure，inorganic salts and gender in patients with essential hypertension. zhzdx, 2019, 7(4): 222-226.

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http://www.zhzdxzz.com/CN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-655X.2019.04.002 或 http://www.zhzdxzz.com/CN/Y2019/V7/I4/222